Loose-leaf binder.



R. 1v1. WATSON. LOOSE LEAP BINDER. APYLIUATION PILEDAPRQM, 1912.

Patented Jan. 7. 1913.

v rr. n i .C

` ffy wnNEssEs I D f ./f fa 1 n n ATTORNEY Brennan M. Wn'rsonrorDETROIT, momenti,

Loosn-LEAF BINDER.

.Specification of Letters Zateiit.

To all whom/t may concern.L I 'l B e it known that I, RICHARD M.'WA'rsoN, fa citizen of the United Stat-es, residingat Detroit, 'countyof Wayne, `State of Michi-'A gan, haveinventeda certain neW and usefulImprovement in LooseLeaf Binders,

declare the following to bea full, clear, and' exact descriptionof thesamesuchy as Will enable others skilled inthe art `to'vyliich-itpertains to make and use the same,A ref. erenee being had to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part of this'specification.v

This invention relates to loose-leaf book' binders and has for itsobject an improved loose-leaf book binder. Which .accomplishes a betterresult in aording ample 'space for theleaves, free from obstructionsand' accomplishes this result in a more efficient and economical Way.The economyis in the construction ofa binder .of four pieces, com-lprising. a. back plate having bearings, a

` face plate 4acting as acover and a pair of wires which form claspingrings and which afford the Astress to keep the halfjrings in open orclosed position.

In the drawings r-Figure 1, is an ele.- Vation oftheasselnbled binder.'Fig. 2, shows .the binder With the -coveror facev plate removed. Fig. 3,shows the modified form o f vclasping members. Fig. 4, is an end view ofthe assembled binder.

The binder comprises four members, the

backplate 1,- the clasping-members 2.and 3 'ing portions ""2 afforded byand t-he cover or front plate 4. The back member is convex on theoutside and concave ,onthe'nside and its edges are bent .up as and 6, toform channel bearings in which#l are jonrnaled the parallel bearingportions 7 and 8 of the clasping members. In the form shown in" Fig. 2,the half ,rings 9 and 10 rise directly from the parallel bear--A 7 and8' and when opened outy afford a lar er spacel for' `the portions of theleaves whie lie between the half rings.

This is, therefore, mypreferred'form. The

toggle is at the center of the binder and is the Wires converging inwardand toward' each other. The dot-ted lines show hov the vvires wouldordinarily cross, ifnot put understress,A but, when .the vvires arelocated so that thebearings engage in the bearing channels rvof the backplate, the` theengagement of... the cog 11 that engages'- convergingportions assume the position shown in the full lines-and hence are putunder stress. The toggle ismalntalned by and I 'nppiication'alea ipn11,'191.2."fseria1 no. 690,133.

With a cog-recess 12. This affords a toggle -V Which furnishes theresiliency to keep the half-rings in open'or closed positiom TheA`toggle, `in the form shownin Fig. 3,' is at ofthe bearings. 7 'and 8'convergingtoward eachother, 'so' that^-.ordinarily they would Aspringaction each end and is brought about by theends f cross, buttlieyengagetogether under stress l' so as to affordt-he necessary` 1forthehalf rings.

The cover 4 comprlsesa vflat stripoffmetal A turned over. ateach. edge,as shown in'Fig.

4, so asto engage' overthebent over edges 5 and 6 of theback plate. Thecoverreadily fits in place When't-he half rings are opened by passingitthrough tliehalf rings, the

half-circular recesses lOhof the cover Afitting about the half rings. yv

Frein the above description, it is seen that the binder is constructedof four pieces With,- out vstaples or housing members. The cover plate 4coperate's with the' cog andy cogf' lrecess to hold the claspingmembersi-n togli glel relation, by limiting theA upward movementof theconverging portion'of the wires.-

It Vaffords both a cheap and convenient way y ofv housing theclasping'inembers. j 1 In thehousings it Will-loe seen that the -cover.4 is flat on its face portion, whereas covers heretofore have beenVmore or less conveX. It is very desirablel to make thecover of theleavesbetween the cover and the end s of the half rings,v but it has notbeen posflat as it allows a greater room for the play sibletoA make itflat for the'reason thatthe spring' action heretofore has been takenfrom. the back plate and it has been neces' saryto makethejeoverconveXi-n order to allow it to draw out Y.when the back kplatestraightens. What -I claim is v1. A' loose-leaf binder, having'in'.combination, a back plate provided W ti long parfiele ges, a pairallel bearings adjacent the si of Wires bent to form half ring portions,bearing portions'and converging portons, the bearing ,portions'beingrotatably held in ,thelong 'parallel' bearings adjacent the edge oftheback plate'v and "the convergin '1 por,- tions of thetwo wires,meeting-to orrn a. toggle at the side of 'the bearing portions farther`from the half ringA portions,'where' "I u by the'half ringportions'lris'e-at the 'edges [of the back plate from-the parallelbearlng portions, substantially as described.

2 I A loosleaf binder having in combine-i Verging portions of the tWoWires meeting4 to form a toggle in which the spring action necessary tokeep the half ring portions open and closed resides, substantially asdescribed.

3. A looselezii' binder, having in combinetion, n back plate, havingturned-over edges forming channel bearings, a. pair of Wires bent toforni half'ring portions, bearing portions and onverging portions, thebearn ing portions being rotatably held in the long parallelbearingsformed by the turned-over edges of the back plate and the converging 20portions of the two Wires meeting to torni a toggle in which resides thespring notion necessary to keep the half rings open or closed, and nflat cover plate Capable of enainfr with the ed es or' the buck )late by25 g s e g l reason of the residence of the spring action in theconverging Wire portions, snbstany tially as described.

In testimony whereof, I sign this speoiication in the presence of twoWitnesses.

RICHARD M. WATSON.

Witnesses:

STUART C. BARNES,

' VIRGINIA C. SPRA'IL Copies of this patent may be obtained for fivecents each, by adressng 'the Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, Il. G.

